Encoding and Decoding Communication †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Encoding and Decoding Communication. Answer: Introduction Evolution has been consistent in technology and the tools and processes that have been developed on the basis of technology. Technological practices that were in existence few years back are considered as outdated and obsolete in the current times. There are many industries, sectors, organizations and businesses that have adapted and have included technology in their operations and responsibilities. Accounting and finance is one such huge industry that has made use of technology which has led to the evolution of the accounting practices and activities. The details around accounting information systems along with their specifications and attributes have been covered in the report. E-commerce and online shopping and retailing have spread rapidly and there are endless organizations in Australia that are dealing in the same line of business. One of such online retailers of groceries and other household items is Woolworths. It has its online presence in the form of a website to offer products to the consumers. Every organization has a specific organization structure that is followed and the same applies to Woolworths as well. The organizational structure in this case is cascaded in three primary levels that consist of senior level managers, middle and lower levels managers, and operational staff members (Woolworths, 2017). Organizational Structure - Problems The resources and management that is associated with any organization can lead to success and may also contribute in the failures. In case of Woolworths, there are a few issues that have been observed in terms of the organizational structure that is present with it. The resources are spread at three levels in Woolworths which include senior managers, business owners and directors at the top level followed by departmental heads and project managers at the second level and the sales team, operational workers etc. at the third and last level. There is however integration necessary in the organization to allow these resources to function as one unit which is currently missing because of the nature of the organizational structure (Henderson, 2004). Accounting information systems have been proposed at Woolworths to overcome the issues and problems and for the introduction of latest mechanisms and practices. There are various methods of acquisition of these packages which may be used such as deployment and acquiring of custom software that will have the specific requirements and features built in to the software. Woolworths can also go ahead with the implementation of commercial software in the architecture. Another effective method will be Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software and its implementation (Yang and Tamir, 2015). The ERP package will provide several benefits to the organization in terms of the level of required integration and the add-ons such as no issues with the performance and reliability of the system (Mallery, 2011). The first phase that is involved in the sales process at Woolworths is marketing and research that includes conduction of sales training and specification of the objectives and criteria. The next phase that is involved is the qualifying phase in which accounts potential is accessed and planned along with the identification of the opportunities. Agreement on the implementation is done in the proposing phase which is the third phase followed by the delivery to the customers to gain their satisfaction (Gulledge, 2002). Control Problems Frauds The sales process that has been depicted above consistent of many activities and there are sub-activities and processes that are present in each phase. Because of the involvement and existence of so many entities, there are several problems in terms of control, review, validation and monitoring that have been observed (Mohapatra and Patnaik, 2011). Many of the malevolent entities also take benefit of the situation and cause frauds and similar practices that may lead to damage and loss. These frauds are association with the execution of false practices, non-adherence to the standards, non-compliance and many such issues. Development is an ongoing process that does not have a stop or an end. Technological practices that were in existence few years back are considered as outdated and obsolete in the current times. There are many industries, sectors, organizations and businesses that have adapted and have included technology in their operations and responsibilities. Accounting and finance is one such huge industry that has made use of technology which has led to the evolution of the accounting practices and activities (Seethamraju, 2012). The impact of the developmental process in accounting industry has impacted the related entities. It has an impact on the customers as they are now able to choose from increased number of options and the way the business is conducted has also changed. There have also been impacts on the business owners and service providers as the expectations and demands have transformed from earlier times to the present day (James, 2016). Accounting activities are spread over various areas and activities such as bookkeeping, auditing, reconciling etc (Afpbb, 2016). Because of the demands of the customers and the increase in the use of services, there are more than 10,200 companies that work in the area of accounting services and practices. These organizations are composed of many resources that are engaged with the company and there are more than 131,000 resources working in these firms. It is believed and researched that the industry will witness a growth rate of 6-7% percent in the current financial year which will lead to further expansion and will also generate lot of profits (Bankwest, 2015). Market Leaders and Competitive Advantages of Accounting Packages Customers expect and demand versatility, scalability along with the functional aspects from the accounting package that is based upon automated concepts and processes. Numerous providers have tried their hands to offer best quality services to the users and there are a few that have succeeded at making a mark in the market and among the consumers. One such excellent accounting information package is MYOB. Real-time 24x7 view of business activities is offered Elevated levels of integration are provided by this package Continuity of the services is never compromised as it allows the users to access the package in offline mode There are quality and regulatory standards that are maintained by this package Users can customize the package in terms of features, themes, add-ons, colors etc (Myob, 2016). In the present times, customers expect and demand versatility, scalability along with the functional aspects from the accounting package that is based upon automated concepts and processes. Numerous providers have tried their hands to offer best quality services to the users and there are a few that have succeeded at making a mark in the market and among the consumers. One such excellent accounting information package is Intuit QucikBooks. Cost of this package is very low whereas the list of services offered is not compromised or minimized Types of the users and the version of the package has no effect on performance Information and enterprise data management offered with this package is excellent as it allows efficient storage along with latest mechanisms Users can access the package on the web platform along with mobile platforms and there is excellent compatibility that is offered Risk management and security infrastructure that is offered with this package is excellent and there are no compromises on the protection mechanisms (Advisoryhq, 2015). Features such as versatility, scalability along with the functional aspects are expected and demanded by the customers from the accounting package that is based upon automated concepts and processes. Numerous providers have tried their hands to offer best quality services to the users and there are a few that have succeeded at making a mark in the market and among the consumers. One such excellent accounting information package is Saasu. The package offers elevated levels of integration and also the issues existing with the organization can also overcome with the installation of the package. One of the distinguishing features of the package are the currency options that come along with this package and the language support and personalization. Customers expect and demand versatility, scalability along with the functional aspects from the accounting package that is based upon automated concepts and processes. Numerous providers have tried their hands to offer best quality services to the users and there are a few that have succeeded at making a mark in the market and among the consumers. One such excellent accounting information package is Reckon. Reckon is the service provider and accounting package that is being used by hundreds and millions of users and there is a lot of market data available for this one. Investments that are made by the customers remain safe as there are millions of users already associated with it. Credit management can be easily done through this package and there are also various billing activities that can be executed and calculated easily (Carey, 2015). Presently, customers expect and demand versatility, scalability along with the functional aspects from the accounting package that is based upon automated concepts and processes. Numerous providers have tried their hands to offer best quality services to the users and there are a few that have succeeded at making a mark in the market and among the consumers. One such excellent accounting information package is Xero. Time can be saved with implementation of this package as it offers very fast speed and processing. Reconciliation activities play an important role in finance which is made easy with this tool Navigation is self explanatory and the layout is also kept simple so that users may not face any difficulties in understanding Elevated collaboration with rest of the tools can be obtained (Miller, 2016). Cost of Packages Package and Cost Type Package 1: MYOB Package 2: Intuit QuickBooks Package 3: Saasu Package 4: Reckon Package 5: Xero Basic Charges as $50 for the validation period of 30 days will be applicable Charges as $12 for the validation period of 30 days will be applicable Charges as $15 for the validation period of 30 days will be applicable Charges as $5 for the validation period of 30 days will be applicable Charges as $9 for the validation period of 30 days will be applicable Premium Charges as $99 for the validation period of 30 days will be applicable Charges as $21 for the validation period of 30 days will be applicable Charges as $180 for the validation period of 30 days will be applicable Add-ons determine the cost in this case Charges as $70 for the validation period of 30 days will be applicable Cost associated with the packages (Advisoryhq, 2015) Challenges for users There are various attacks on availability that are given shape by the malicious entities that include denial of service, server impersonation, ransomware and spyware attacks. Hidden and untold costs are also associated with the packages that cause occurrence of numerous challenges for the users in terms of budget overrun and estimations (Crowder, 2016). Technical failures occur in certain cases which are due to an operational error or technical fault. Absence of support, documentation and assistance leads to presence of many risks and concerns in terms of confusions and ambiguities. Conclusion Maintaining pace with the latest technology is essential for the organizations which shall be applied in the Australian based online retail store, Woolworths as well. There are many developments that have been done in the field of accounting and finance which shall be applied in Woolworths so that latest offering is made possible for the consumers. There are scenarios in which there are issues around fraud and risks that emerge which shall be dealt with protection and related mechanisms. 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